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- ***********************
- * Catalase signatures *
- ***********************
-
- Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) [1,2,3] is an enzyme, present in all aerobic cells,
- that decomposes hydrogen peroxide to molecular oxygen and water. Its main
- function is to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. In
- eukaryotic organisms and in some prokaryotes catalase is a molecule composed
- of four identical subunits. Each of the subunits binds one protoheme IX group.
-
- A conserved tyrosine serves as the heme proximal side ligand. We have used the
- region around this residue as a first signature pattern; it also includes a
- conserved arginine that participates in heme-binding. A conserved histidine
- has been shown to be important for the catalytic mechanism of the enzyme. We
- have used the region around this residue as a second signature pattern.
-
- -Consensus pattern: R-[LIVMFA]-F-[GAST]-Y-x-D-[AST]-[QEH]
- [Y is the proximal heme-binding ligand]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: F-x-[RH]-x(4)-[EQ]-R-x(2)-H-x(2)-[GAS](3)
- [H is an active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Bacillus firmus catalase.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Note: some prokaryotic catalases belong to the peroxidase family (see the
- relevant section).
-
- -Last update: October 1993 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Murthy M.R.N., Reid T.J. III, Sicignano A., Tanaka N., Rossmann M.G.
- J. Mol. Biol. 152:465-499(1981).
- [ 2] Melik-Adamyan W.R., Barynin V.V., Vagin A.A., Borisov V.V.,
- Vainshtein B.K., Fita I., Murthy M.R.N., Rossmann M.G.
- J. Mol. Biol. 188:63-72(1986).
- [ 3] von Ossowki I., Hausner G. Loewen P.C.
- J. Mol. Evol. 37:71-76(1993).
-